Computers have become as common a fixture in the workplace as desks and chairs, and the ever-increasing reliance on them has taken its toll on the average worker’s eyesight in the form of Computer Vision Syndrome. Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) is a condition that results from the stress of focusing the eyes on computer screens for long, uninterrupted periods. Add in the skyrocketing popularity of smartphones and mobile gaming devices, and the CVS problem is no longer unique to office-bound workers. Fortunately, CVS is a treatable condition, with proper vision care from a qualified optometrist.
Computer Vision Syndrome’s causes are twofold. The main contributing factor is the difficulty the eyes have focusing on the text displayed on computer monitors. Text printed on paper (and to some extent the text displayed on e-readers) is sharply defined and has a high amount of contrast with the paper on which it is printed. Text on a computer screen is comparatively less friendly to the eyes due to the varying contrast between it and the backlight of the monitor, the blurry, pixelated nature of the characters, and the constant changing of the display from scrolling through or toggling between tabs and windows. The need to repeatedly refocus the eyes on a constantly moving, poorly defined display is the primary cause of CVS.
Mobile devices have a similar effect on the eyes, in that their smaller displays require them to be held closer to the eyes. Viewing a small-screened device forces you to hold it close to your eyes, which will make the eyes converge, or go “cross-eyed.” While crossed, the eyes are being pulled on one side by eye muscles. Given enough time, this constant, one-sided pulling can lead to a misshaping of the eye, or, as it’s more commonly known, astigmatism. If astigmatism is already a problem, overusing mobile devices can make the problem worse.
The other major cause of CVS is excessive computer use. On top of the physical strain of viewing computerized text, the demands of the standard eight hour work day only serve to make things worse. Computer Vision Syndrome affects an estimated 90% of people who use a computer for more than 3 hours a day. In today’s increasingly tech-oriented world, a day in which a person spends only 3 hours at a computer is all but extinct. Many people spend most if not all of their work day viewing a computer screen, thus their eyes have already been strained enough to present symptoms of CVS before they go home and use their iPhone or home computer.
The causes of Computer Vision Syndrome are varied, and its symptoms are as well. The most common symptoms of CVS are headaches, blurred and/or double vision, difficulty refocusing the eyes, and dry, red eyes. Many people also experience other symptoms that aren’t typically related to eye strain, such as neck pain and fatigue. Environmental factors can make these symptoms worse. Glare from the sun or bright indoor lighting can make the computer screen difficult to read, causing extra strain on the eyes. A poorly organized desk can be a factor as well. Placing the monitor too close to the user’s eyes can place more strain on the eyes; too far, and the user may find themselves craning their neck to be able to view the monitor.
Computer Vision Syndrome can be a persistent problem. Luckily, there are ways to combat the effects of CVS. First and foremost, make sure you take breaks from viewing a computer screen and allow your eye muscles time to rest. A short 15 to 20-second break every half hour (during which the eyes are focused on an object farther in the distance or even closed completely) is enough to make a noticeable difference in the eyes’ comfort at the end of the day. Dry and irritated eyes can be treated with over-the-counter eye drops. And, of course, keep your recreational computer and mobile device usage limited. Your eye doctor can also suggest a variety of options designed to ease the strain on the eyes throughout the work day. Some examples include specialized filters or tints, anti-glare coatings, and progressive lenses. Just like athletes wear specialized shoes for different sports, a pair of glasses designed specifically with daily computer use in mind is ideal for someone who may be at risk for long term vision damage from CVS-related symptoms.
Although these measures may alleviate symptoms and make day-to-day life easier, the best course of action for dealing with Computer Vision Syndrome will always be to consult a qualified optometrist. A thorough eye exam will determine if long days in front of a computer have taken their toll on your eyes and caused any damage. Even if little has been done, an optometrist may recommend preventative measures designed to make sure your eyes well prepared to handle the rigors of long days at the computer.